The Influence of Islamic Architectural Elements on Traditional and Contemporary Buildings in Bahrain

Baghdad Saleh Al-Othman

Abstract

Despite globalization and the moves towards western modernity, Islamic architecture that is prevalent in the Middle East, continue to influence the contemporary architecture as same as it did in the past. It is certainly so in Bahrain. In this context, this research investigates the influence of Islamic architectural elements on both traditional and contemporary buildings in Bahrain. The central issue explored is how these elements—such as courtyards, domes, mashrabiyas, and calligraphy—contribute to cultural identity, environmental responsiveness, and social functions in the built environment of Bahrain. The study particularly examines how these elements are preserved, adapted, or reinterpreted in modern architecture amid the pressures of globalization and urban developments. To examine these, a mixed-methods approach was adopted. This included qualitative interviews with architects, urban planners, and community members, and detailed case studies such as Beit Al Quran, and structured site observations. Interviews offered insights into the design intentions and cultural significance behind architectural choices, while observations focused on user engagement, spatial experience, and community interactions. The case study analysis provided tangible evidence on how Islamic design principles are expressed in the forms, functions, and symbolism in both the historical and modern contexts. The findings reveal that Islamic architectural elements remain highly relevant in Bahrain today, serving not only aesthetic purposes but also reinforcing community values and environmental adaptation. Traditional features are creatively integrated into modern buildings, maintaining cultural continuity while addressing thw contemporary needs. It is thus concluded that Islamic architecture in Bahrain is a living tradition—evolving with time but is deeply rooted in identity. Furthermore, it highlights a gap in existing research regarding the user experience and the design process in modern Islamic architecture, suggesting the need for further explorations in these areas.

Keywords:

Traditional, Islamic Architecture, Courtyard, Mashrabiya, Bahrain

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